0:000 secondshappened india was still struggling to put its act together in the six late 60s and early 70s and when the fourth industrial
0:088 secondsrevolution is what we are seeing right now what better than using the empowerment of digital technologies to make sure the
0:1717 secondsquality of life of every indian every citizen can be enhanced and that was the aim that the prime minister set out this
0:2424 secondsmission called digital india mission and set out as india's choice again a very very federal program something that is driven bottom up but
0:3333 secondsthe numbers speak for themselves india started and i'll talk about this
0:4040 secondsbecause is the clicker on yeah it's working on thank you and so
0:4747 secondsyou know why this slide is very important and i i'm going to explain in taking a second what this is saying this is a typical
0:5656 secondsincome pyramid of a country like india would represent africa you take the name out india and probably put some different numbers but the pyramid the
1:051 minute, 5 secondsshape and size will probably be the same globally apart from all the developed countries
1:111 minute, 11 secondsand in this income pyramid what india decided is that when we do digital we get we have to get it right and i know
1:191 minute, 19 secondsthis conference is a lot about inclusion about empowerment um africa is about that and what india
1:271 minute, 27 secondsdecided to do was to make sure that our digital approach is not blue to red means not top down
1:341 minute, 34 secondswhich is where i you know the silicon valley approaches where i worked for many many years 20 years but bottom up which means going and addressing the
1:441 minute, 44 secondslowest the most vulnerable the most excluded first and making sure that they are
1:511 minute, 51 secondsincluded they get benefited from this whole digital revolution the fourth industrial revolution so uh that was the first goal of doing this
2:002 minutesand what did it do from 140 million india is about 1.4 billion citizens
2:072 minutes, 7 seconds140 million people who could connect to the internet before the launch of the program today
2:142 minutes, 14 secondsthat number yeah that number is almost
2:212 minutes, 21 seconds840 million people that is the number of connected citizens we have one in every family more than one in
2:302 minutes, 30 secondsevery family uh india has about 240 million households 840 million connected um
2:372 minutes, 37 secondsindividuals in the country in in a rapid span of eight years and and that shows and when i came last to
2:462 minutes, 46 secondstalk about this this number about four years ago was 400 million in four years in fact in the last two covered years
2:542 minutes, 54 secondswe've added 250 million people to the internet to the smart highways of the world the global
3:013 minutes, 1 secondhighways and along with that today india is an integral market for
3:083 minutes, 8 secondsany of these global platforms uh let alone uh technologies from anywhere in the world so india has to picture in that in that equation but what was the
3:163 minutes, 16 secondsdigital india program okay so it is only going one way if i
3:243 minutes, 24 secondscan make it go back yes yes yes it's working now
3:323 minutes, 32 secondsokay so what is happening the digital india program was launched to make sure there is connectivity to every single india
3:393 minutes, 39 secondsnumber one affordable connectivity with a device that they can use that's also very important like it's you can
3:483 minutes, 48 secondsmake the highways the car the the roads but you need to have drivers who know how to drive and need to have affordable cars because if you only have the
3:553 minutes, 55 secondsexpensive ones they won't be able to afford it so that was the goal and and of course then they need to be trained enough to drive that car properly so
4:034 minutes, 3 secondsthat was a literacy program so that was creating the citizens the markets that can can actually use the internet the
4:104 minutes, 10 secondsdigital highways the second was create a digital public infrastructure which is also what i'm going to talk about
4:184 minutes, 18 secondsthat can actually spur my innovation ecosystem that can solve the societal problems of india and these were both
4:254 minutes, 25 secondsbeing done very parallelly india is the only country in the world my friends which has digital public goods which means platforms which can which
4:344 minutes, 34 secondsare available to everybody to use and i'm going to talk about it startups the government businesses anybody can use technology
4:424 minutes, 42 secondsit's not owned by one person it's not a facebook it's not a it's not a microsoft it's not owned by a limited set of shareholders the public owns it it's the
4:494 minutes, 49 secondsmost democratically run public platform it's called digital public goods i know rwanda is taking a lead in it too so what are the trends we
4:574 minutes, 57 secondsare seeing number one indians are going digital i just talked about 840 million two we are making digital infrastructure public goods like roads so the roads
5:065 minutes, 6 secondsexample is very appropriate and three a billion indians are producing data by the gazillions we are the data
5:145 minutes, 14 secondsbillionaire of the world we are the biggest data mining so anything any diverse set of data you want like
5:215 minutes, 21 secondsafrica india also has 23 different languages official languages 800 dialects um literacy levels of water levels
5:295 minutes, 29 secondsincome levels of all different disparities so we are a country which is um you know producing data for algorithms for for for
5:385 minutes, 38 secondsdoing new research we have the research capital from a data perspective of the world so that is the third trend we are seeing
5:465 minutes, 46 secondsand in the process what is what has happened we produce this digital public goods but the core of this digital public goods we have an identity
5:535 minutes, 53 secondsplatform it's not a smart card it's not something that we carry actually we do the the identity is or
6:006 minutesthis this 10 fingerprints two wire scans this is my identity i can authenticate myself sitting right here in kigali or
6:086 minutes, 8 secondsfrom a banking transaction in india and and that is the core of how we have prospered we have done kyc for bank
6:166 minutes, 16 secondsaccounts we don't have to give any paperwork we have we do kyc for our telecom our sim accounts using one number one identity
6:246 minutes, 24 secondsevery indian everybody who has lived in india for more than 180 days has this number by the way you don't need to be a citizen so
6:326 minutes, 32 secondsuh two we we put ekyc on the cloud so all my documents
6:406 minutes, 40 secondsyesterday in fact my friend who's expert and you who would have heard of last evening pranjal was looking for we had to
6:496 minutes, 49 secondsgive our passport for uh for taking some exchange and none of us were carrying passports right i mean i'm not going to carry my
6:576 minutes, 57 secondspassport around what do i have i have it on a digi locker a kind of a drop box if you use on the cloud authenticated by the government
7:067 minutes, 6 secondsmy mark sheets from my school from my university are there i cannot fudge them all my vaccine certificates are there by
7:137 minutes, 13 secondsthe way i can access them on the fly this is called a digi locker authenticated documents issued by the government
7:217 minutes, 21 secondsgiven to every citizen of india and this helps us do ekyc i send a link to my sim card company or a bank account and that
7:297 minutes, 29 secondsopens my bank account i don't need to give any paperwork um what happened yesterday
7:367 minutes, 36 secondsi showed the digi locker account i just showed it from a digi locker that's it verified document i can show it to you if anybody's
7:447 minutes, 44 secondsinterested right of course otherwise i won't be here the taxi driver won't drive me back as
7:527 minutes, 52 secondssimple as that what we also did with that and this is the example of the fourth industrial revolution the empowerment
8:008 minutesindia had highest level of financial exclusion only 42 percent of indians have had access to the bank account about eight
8:088 minutes, 8 secondsyears ago and the core reason was not less banking not less banks available in the country
8:168 minutes, 16 secondsbut again a simple problem of citizens not feeling empowered enough to walk into a bank account and opening a bank a bank
8:248 minutes, 24 secondsaccount because the paperwork requirement is so high we made it light using technology every citizen today has can open a bank
8:328 minutes, 32 secondsaccount presents less by the way no need to go into a bank account i open bank account sitting in anywhere i've shown it in 55
8:418 minutes, 41 secondsseconds in the into the silicon valley czars and paperless presents less using the ekyc
8:488 minutes, 48 secondssystem i told you and what it did was 460 million people have opened bank accounts and the biggest financial
8:558 minutes, 55 secondsinclusion of the world anytime anybody has seen one and a half times the population of america by the way
9:029 minutes, 2 secondsin in less than five years and that is what technology does and that's what digital india program was all about it was not just giving toys at
9:109 minutes, 10 secondsthe hands of people to play more games which they do of course they watch a lot of entertainment but along with that do things which empower
9:189 minutes, 18 secondspeople and see what has happened from 155th in in data inclusion 155th ranking we are now number one
9:279 minutes, 27 seconds100 840 million people consume data at the cost of 1.1 us dollar a gb and see our data
9:349 minutes, 34 secondsconsumption from 200 gb has gone up to 14 gb a month that's the amount of data that we are consuming in india the content we are consuming in india
9:449 minutes, 44 secondssecond thing about payments and this is i'm contextualizing to rwanda at least i've seen memphis airtel money all over town
9:529 minutes, 52 secondsi don't know whether there is interoperable i don't know whether interoperable means can i use my empress account to pay for airtel money
10:0110 minutes, 1 secondcan i use my bank credit card everybody is charging me three percent extra on every credit card that i pay why
10:0810 minutes, 8 secondsyou are penalizing me to use digital payments we've gotten rid of that in it anybody can use a digital payment system
10:1810 minutes, 18 secondsas long as you have a mobile phone no need for internet you can actually call up a number and say this is arvind gupta we authenticate you
10:2610 minutes, 26 secondsand then we can transfer money zero cost both to the giver and the receiver zero
10:3410 minutes, 34 secondscost and what we have done via that is six billion transactions a month six billion the biggest payment system on planet
10:4310 minutes, 43 secondsnot visa not mastercard yeah 5x of china by the way so if
10:5110 minutes, 51 secondsanybody is listening from china they should understand this this is 6 billion transactions a month done by ordinary citizens of india remitting money who is
11:0011 minutesto give 10 away to brokers to remit money there is no western union now to remit money they can't exist because the business
11:0711 minutes, 7 secondsmodel is disrupted because payments from me to mr samir saran even if i'm making five rupees which is less than ten cents
11:1511 minutes, 15 secondsis zero cost to 500 rupees zero cost so it's very very democratized everybody
11:2311 minutes, 23 secondshas access to it and you know now uh and i know i i can tell these stories uh forward and forward but
11:3011 minutes, 30 secondswhat was the intent of this this is the example of financial inclusion banks have used it our open technology digital india technology but which was uh
11:3811 minutes, 38 secondsintended the real reason was the government the government transfers welfare most of the countries have welfare right you get some scholarships
11:4711 minutes, 47 secondssome subsidies we had leakage we had 80 million fakes people who didn't exist existed in the welfare
11:5411 minutes, 54 secondssystem um but the intended benefit of this was actually to start with was the first for the government to save money
12:0312 minutes, 3 secondsbecause we were finding so many fakes duplicates um i i i mean somebody did explain i was one of the only private
12:1012 minutes, 10 secondssector people who was ever part of the government and when i was in the government we suddenly realized that we are paying payroll
12:1812 minutes, 18 secondsfor people that have never shown up never so i mean either they were doing absenteeism but later light was not
12:2612 minutes, 26 secondsabsenteeism that people didn't exist they were ghosts basically and and for a country of 1.4 billion people 80 million
12:3312 minutes, 33 secondswere girls so we discovered we actually started transferring all our benefits all our attendance everything through the
12:4112 minutes, 41 secondsbiometric system it's called the direct benefits transfer and this direct benefits transfer the tool to make this whole system that
12:4912 minutes, 49 secondsi'm talking about costed us two billion dollars but the government itself has saved 30 billion dollars in identifying fakes duplicates and
12:5812 minutes, 58 secondsan ineligible people and we have transferred almost everything in india in fact i have written an article on this we've done a study with orf by the
13:0713 minutes, 7 secondsway where if it was not the availability of direct benefits transfer system we would have not
13:1413 minutes, 14 secondssurvived the covet pandemic we transferred to 800 million people benefits every month so that they could
13:2213 minutes, 22 secondsget their food their money in their directly into their bank account there were no food stamps there were no queues people got their money and they could
13:2913 minutes, 29 secondsspend it in a public distribution system to buy their food so there was no i mean a country size of india there was no social crisis and that was at the
13:3813 minutes, 38 secondsbackbone of our of our benefit system one of the intended consequences of
13:4713 minutes, 47 secondsbuilding this connectivity and these public platforms were startups india again in the last five years we launched the startup india program on 16th january 2016.
13:5813 minutes, 58 secondssince then 65 000 startups have come up the value of these startups combined is
14:0514 minutes, 5 secondsclose to half a trillion dollars 105 unicorns 105 unicorns unicorns are companies which are valued at a billion
14:1414 minutes, 14 secondsdollars each right so if you 105 unicorns that's 105 billion dollars minimum some of them are 5 billion 10 billion plus
14:2114 minutes, 21 secondsso we have created value for this society for the government and for startups the
14:2814 minutes, 28 seconds innovation ecosystem by having creating your own owning your own destiny is very huge so when you build on top of a google or an apple you
14:3614 minutes, 36 seconds create value for them starters understand this but when you create on top of a digital public goods you create value for yourself
14:4514 minutes, 45 seconds the government doesn't realize value in this of course we realize value because it's societal value taxation employment
14:5314 minutes, 53 seconds innovation ecosystem so that's that's a that's a startup angle to building digital india real quality of life changes
15:0115 minutes, 1 second i i come from an educational institute in india called the iits i graduated way back i shouldn't even mention it
15:0915 minutes, 9 seconds when i graduated i went to the us to study and in the u.s when i was graduating there it was so so
15:1615 minutes, 16 seconds remarkably different because the the my classmates who didn't go to the us only wanted to work in a big company that was the aspiration i want to work for a
15:2415 minutes, 24 seconds software company and in the u.s i want to go and work in silicon valley i want to do a startup of my own i don't want to work for somebody i want to work for myself
15:3215 minutes, 32 seconds today india is in that state no college graduate i teach a course and i'm at iit my students don't come and say which how
15:4015 minutes, 40 seconds i can get a better job they're discussing with me every day how i can create a better startup and that's the change in mindset this
15:4815 minutes, 48 seconds whole ecosystem creation has done they've seen success stories they've seen 65 000 startups being successful and maybe a
15:5615 minutes, 56 seconds hundred thousand in the works so i i strongly strongly suggest that you want to you know study this
16:0316 minutes, 3 seconds these are the unicorns and they've gone up in all sectors and i'll this is the last slide i leave it that once we've tasted success as the
16:1216 minutes, 12 seconds government that we have disrupted finance insurance we're not stopping there we're building digital public goods using the backbone
16:2116 minutes, 21 seconds of this 850 million connected citizens in areas as travel
16:2816 minutes, 28 seconds health very critical education skilling and something that again i am involved with is
16:3616 minutes, 36 seconds credit and also e-commerce very ambitious project can you imagine e-commerce not being
16:4316 minutes, 43 seconds if you think e-commerce you're not thinking alibaba amazon the walmarts of the world yes india will do that india is going to
16:5116 minutes, 51 seconds create an alternate system which is not going to be dependent on any of them and and not only cr will create we have created it another four months it will
16:5916 minutes, 59 seconds be live up and running so the ambitions of digital india is to control our own destiny to empower our citizens to improve their quality of life to give
17:0717 minutes, 7 seconds startup movement innovation movement ecosystem a boost and actually play a leapfrogging role a leadership role in
17:1617 minutes, 16 seconds the fourth industrial revolution but at the center of this is the bottom of the pyramid to making sure that the bottom up
17:2317 minutes, 23 seconds pyramid is included is participating in this growth and is benefiting from this not the top-down approach of which which solves the
17:3117 minutes, 31 seconds problem of a billion people the richest of the world rather than the next six billion which come from the top so uh that's my brief
17:3917 minutes, 39 seconds i'm sorry i ran out of time but i think um a little bit role some some props had to play in that thank you very much i am
17:4617 minutes, 46 seconds around thank you
17:4817 minutes, 48 seconds [Applause]
17:5117 minutes, 51 seconds thank you thank you arvind and i'm sure you'll have
18:0818 minutes, 8 seconds you